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                    H2 Database使用教程
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                        <time datetime="2018-5-17 17:59:14" itemprop="datePublished">
                            2018-05-17 17:59
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                                <a href='/categories/study-notes'>学习笔记</a>

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                                <a href='/tags/halo'>Halo</a>, 
                                <a href='/tags/java'>Java</a>, 
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  <blockquote> 
   <p>Halo是默认使用H2 Database的，虽然也支持MySQL，但是个人认为博客系统没必要用MySQL，毕竟只是一个单纯的博客而已。H2不仅不需要单独安装，而且配置极其简单，下面介绍一下Halo配合H2使用的基本操作。</p> 
  </blockquote> 
  <h2>配置</h2> 
  <p>在安装Halo之前是需要简单配置一下H2的，在<code>resources/application.yaml</code>里面，我们可以先在本地电脑上修改之后在上传到服务器直接部署，也可以先上传到服务器之后，使用vim等编辑器部署，看你习惯吧。</p> 
  <pre><code class="language-yaml">  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    # H2database 驱动
    driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
    url: jdbc:h2:file:~/halo/halo
    username: sa
    password: 123456
  h2:
    console:
      settings:
        web-allow-others: true
      path: /h2-console
      enabled: true
</code></pre> 
  <ol> 
   <li>需要修改<code>username</code>和<code>password</code>，为了安全嘛，所以千万不要用默认的。</li> 
   <li>在下面的<code>h2</code>节点下就是配置H2在线控制台了，如果需要在外网访问，就得把<code>web-allow-others</code>改成<code>true</code>。</li> 
   <li><code>path</code>为H2控制台的访问路径。</li> 
   <li>如果要使用H2控制台就把<code>enabled</code>改成<code>true</code>。</li> 
   <li>建议在有需要的时候再打开H2控制台。</li> 
  </ol> 
  <h2>登录到H2控制台</h2> 
  <p>Halo启动完成之后，访问你的<code>ip:8090/h2-console</code>就会进入到登录，如图。 <img src="https://cdn.ryanc.cc/img/blog/thumbnails/how-to-use-h2-database/h2-database-login.png" alt="H2 登录"></p> 
  <p>需要注意的是，JDBC URL一定不要搞错了，Halo默认的是<code>jdbc:h2:~/halo/halo</code>，用户名和密码就是你在application.yaml里面设置的，然后点击连接就进入到控制台了。</p> 
  <p><img src="https://cdn.ryanc.cc/img/blog/thumbnails/how-to-use-h2-database/h2-database-console.png" alt=""></p> 
  <h2>基本操作</h2> 
  <blockquote> 
   <p>其实不得不说H2的控制台真的很反人类，很不好用，基本的查询和修改看下面的图吧，有批注。</p> 
  </blockquote> 
  <p><img src="https://cdn.ryanc.cc/img/blog/thumbnails/how-to-use-h2-database/h2-database-do-1.png" alt=""></p> 
  <h2>备份数据库</h2> 
  <p>备份数据库有两种方式，第一种算比较笨的方式了，直接到服务器的～/halo下面备份<code>.db</code>结尾的数据库物理文件就行了，第二种就是使用H2控制台的备份功能。</p> 
  <h3>使用H2控制台的备份功能</h3> 
  <p>首先，先到第一张登录图，上方有个工具按钮，点进去就可以看到备份了，我们这里将SQL脚本备份出来就行了，数据库物理文件没必要。</p> 
  <p><img src="https://cdn.ryanc.cc/img/blog/thumbnails/how-to-use-h2-database/h2-database-sql.png" alt=""></p> 
  <p>需要修改一下<code>源数据库 URL</code>，默认的是<code>jdbc:h2:~/halo/halo</code>，还有用户名和密码，然后点击运行就可以导出到指定的目录了。</p> 
  <h2>结尾</h2> 
  <p>一般情况下，我们也只需要知道上面的操作就行了，其他的不需要过多的了解。当然，虽然这个控制台看起来有点鸡肋，但是在某些时候还是非常有帮助的，比如密码忘了，就可以到控制台修改。</p> 
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